Thermal Power Plant
Q1. The overall efficiency of a modern thermal power plant is about:
A) 15–20%
B) 25–30%
C) 35–40%
D) 45–50%
Ans: C
Q2. The major share of electricity generation in India is from:
A) Nuclear
B) Hydro
C) Thermal
D) Solar
Ans: C
Q3. Rankine cycle is used in:
A) Hydro plant
B) Thermal plant
C) Gas turbine plant
D) Nuclear plant
Ans: B
Q4. Pulverized coal is used in thermal power plants to:
A) Increase boiler efficiency
B) Reduce handling losses
C) Allow faster combustion
D) All of the above
Ans: D
Q5. The chimney in a thermal power station is used for:
A) Cooling water
B) Increasing draft
C) Reducing boiler pressure
D) Feeding air
Ans: B
Q6. Economizer in a thermal plant is used to:
A) Superheat steam
B) Reduce flue gas loss
C) Preheat feed water
D) Reduce condenser pressure
Ans: C
Q7. The fuel used in most Indian thermal power plants is:
A) Natural gas
B) Coal
C) Diesel
D) Nuclear
Ans: B
Q8. The efficiency of a good modern thermal station is about:
A) 20%
B) 25%
C) 30%
D) 40%
Ans: C
Q9. The heat rate of a thermal power station is:
A) Heat input / Power output
B) Power input / Heat output
C) Work ratio
D) None
Ans: A
Q10. Steam turbines are mostly of:
A) Impulse type
B) Reaction type
C) Mixed flow type
D) Both A and B
Ans: D
Q11. The draught produced by chimney is called:
A) Forced draught
B) Induced draught
C) Natural draught
D) Balanced draught
Ans: C
Q12. Which component converts heat energy to mechanical energy?
A) Boiler
B) Turbine
C) Condenser
D) Economizer
Ans: B
Q13. The condenser in a thermal plant improves efficiency by:
A) Superheating steam
B) Reducing exhaust pressure
C) Increasing draft
D) Reducing cooling water
Ans: B
Q14. The function of air preheater is to:
A) Increase efficiency
B) Heat air by flue gases
C) Reduce coal consumption
D) All of the above
Ans: D
Q15. Superheater is placed in:
A) Convection zone of boiler
B) Radiant zone of boiler
C) Both A and B
D) Economizer section
Ans: B
Hydro Power Plant
Q16. Kaplan turbine is a:
A) Impulse turbine
B) Reaction turbine
C) Mixed turbine
D) Steam turbine
Ans: B
Q17. The efficiency of a modern hydro power plant is about:
A) 25–30%
B) 35–40%
C) 60–70%
D) 80–90%
Ans: D
Q18. Which plant has the least operating cost?
A) Thermal
B) Nuclear
C) Hydro
D) Diesel
Ans: C
Q19. Specific speed of Kaplan turbine is:
A) 10–50
B) 50–200
C) 200–800
D) 800–1000
Ans: C
Q20. Pelton wheel is suitable for:
A) Low head
B) Medium head
C) High head
D) Any head
Ans: C
Q21. In pumped storage hydro plants, water is pumped during:
A) Peak load period
B) Off-peak load period
C) Both A and B
D) None
Ans: B
Q22. Surge tank in hydro plants is provided to:
A) Increase head
B) Reduce water hammer
C) Store extra water
D) Reduce cavitation
Ans: B
Q23. Which turbine is used for high head and low discharge?
A) Kaplan
B) Pelton
C) Francis
D) Turgo
Ans: B
Q24. The load factor of a hydro station is usually:
A) Low
B) High
C) 100%
D) Zero
Ans: A
Q25. Run-of-river hydro plants have:
A) High pondage
B) Low pondage
C) No pondage
D) Large reservoir
Ans: C
Q26. Francis turbine is suitable for:
A) Low head
B) Medium head
C) High head
D) Very high head
Ans: B
Q27. Which turbine is axial flow?
A) Pelton
B) Francis
C) Kaplan
D) Turgo
Ans: C
Q28. In hydro plants, cavitation occurs due to:
A) High pressure
B) Low pressure
C) High velocity
D) High temperature
Ans: B
Q29. The dam which stores large water is called:
A) Gravity dam
B) Storage dam
C) Earth dam
D) Barrage
Ans: B
Q30. The power developed in hydro turbines depends on:
A) Head
B) Flow
C) Efficiency
D) All of the above
Ans: D
Nuclear Power Plant
Q31. Nuclear fission releases energy due to:
A) Binding energy per nucleon
B) Proton repulsion
C) Neutron velocity
D) Thermal reaction
Ans: A
Q32. Common fuel in nuclear plants:
A) U-235
B) Thorium
C) Plutonium
D) All
Ans: D
Q33. Moderator in nuclear plant is used to:
A) Absorb neutrons
B) Slow down neutrons
C) Control power
D) Reduce radiation
Ans: B
Q34. Coolant in a nuclear plant is used for:
A) Reducing temperature
B) Slowing neutrons
C) Transferring heat
D) Shielding
Ans: C
Q35. In India, nuclear power stations commonly use:
A) Heavy water reactors
B) Fast breeder reactors
C) Gas-cooled reactors
D) None
Ans: A
Q36. Shielding in nuclear reactors is done to:
A) Protect workers from radiation
B) Increase reaction rate
C) Slow neutrons
D) Control fission
Ans: A
Q37. Which of the following is not a nuclear reactor?
A) PWR
B) BWR
C) FBR
D) Diesel engine
Ans: D
Q38. The efficiency of a nuclear power plant is about:
A) 20%
B) 30%
C) 40%
D) 60%
Ans: B
Q39. Which fuel is used in Fast Breeder Reactor?
A) Uranium-235
B) Plutonium-239
C) Thorium
D) Heavy water
Ans: B
Q40. Pressurized Water Reactor (PWR) uses:
A) Light water as coolant & moderator
B) Heavy water as moderator
C) Gas as coolant
D) Sodium as coolant
Ans: A
Q41. The chain reaction in nuclear reactor is controlled by:
A) Fuel rods
B) Moderator
C) Control rods
D) Coolant
Ans: C
Q42. Breeder reactor produces:
A) Uranium
B) Plutonium
C) Thorium
D) Heavy water
Ans: B
Q43. CANDU reactor uses:
A) Light water
B) Heavy water
C) Gas
D) Sodium
Ans: B
Q44. The first nuclear power plant in India is:
A) Tarapur
B) Kalpakkam
C) Narora
D) Kakrapar
Ans: A
Q45. Fast breeder reactors use which coolant?
A) Sodium
B) Heavy water
C) Light water
D) Gas
Ans: A
Gas & Diesel Power Plant
Q46. Gas turbine plant efficiency is about:
A) 10–15%
B) 20–25%
C) 30–35%
D) 40–45%
Ans: C
Q47. Diesel power plants are generally used as:
A) Base load plant
B) Peak load plant
C) Standby plant
D) Both B and C
Ans: D
Q48. Which plant has the shortest construction time?
A) Thermal
B) Hydro
C) Nuclear
D) Diesel
Ans: D
Q49. Which power station has highest initial cost?
A) Thermal
B) Nuclear
C) Hydro
D) Diesel
Ans: C
Q50. Which plant has the least maintenance cost?
A) Thermal
B) Nuclear
C) Hydro
D) Diesel
Ans: C
Q51. Which plant can be started most quickly?
A) Thermal
B) Hydro
C) Nuclear
D) Gas turbine
Ans: D
Q52. Base load is generally carried by:
A) Hydro
B) Thermal
C) Nuclear
D) All above
Ans: B
Q53. Plant with least running cost:
A) Thermal
B) Hydro
C) Diesel
D) Nuclear
Ans: B
Q54. Diesel power plants are not used as base load because:
A) High operating cost
B) Low efficiency
C) Small capacity
D) All of the above
Ans: D
Q55. Gas turbine plants are suitable for:
A) Base load
B) Peak load
C) Standby
D) Both B and C
Ans: D
Q56. Intercooling in gas turbines is used to:
A) Increase output
B) Reduce compressor work
C) Increase pressure ratio
D) Reduce fuel cost
Ans: B
Q57. Regeneration in gas turbines is used to:
A) Reduce exhaust temperature
B) Increase efficiency
C) Increase turbine work
D) Reduce air flow
Ans: B
Q58. Diesel engine power plants operate on:
A) Otto cycle
B) Diesel cycle
C) Brayton cycle
D) Rankine cycle
Ans: B
Q59. Gas turbine works on:
A) Otto cycle
B) Diesel cycle
C) Brayton cycle
D) Rankine cycle
Ans: C
Q60. The specific fuel consumption of diesel plants is:
A) Low
B) High
C) Moderate
D) Zero
Ans: B
General Concepts & Economics
Q61. Load factor is defined as:
A) Avg load / Max load
B) Max load / Avg load
C) Connected load / Demand load
D) None
Ans: A
Q62. Diversity factor is always:
A) <1
B) >1
C) =1
D) None
Ans: B
Q63. Plant capacity factor is:
A) Actual energy / Maximum possible energy
B) Demand / Capacity
C) Load factor × Utilization factor
D) All of the above
Ans: D
Q64. Cold reserve means:
A) Plant ready for operation immediately
B) Plant not ready for immediate operation
C) Plant running
D) None
Ans: B
Q65. Spinning reserve means:
A) Extra load on running plant
B) Standby plant running at no load
C) Load factor
D) None
Ans: B
Q66. The ratio of average demand to maximum demand is:
A) Load factor
B) Capacity factor
C) Utilization factor
D) Diversity factor
Ans: A
Q67. Which generating station has the highest efficiency?
A) Thermal
B) Nuclear
C) Hydro
D) Diesel
Ans: C
Q68. Which one is not a renewable source?
A) Solar
B) Hydro
C) Coal
D) Wind
Ans: C
Q69. India’s first nuclear power plant is:
A) Tarapur
B) Kalpakkam
C) Narora
D) Kakrapar
Ans: A
Q70. Power plants are located near load centers to reduce:
A) Capital cost
B) Transmission losses
C) Operating cost
D) All of the above
Ans: B
Q71. The factor which decides economic operation of plants is:
A) Load factor
B) Diversity factor
C) Plant factor
D) Utilization factor
Ans: A
Q72. The maximum demand on a plant divided by its rated capacity is:
A) Load factor
B) Utilization factor
C) Plant capacity factor
D) Demand factor
Ans: D
Q73. Fixed costs of power plant include:
A) Salaries
B) Taxes
C) Interest
D) All of the above
Ans: D
Q74. Running costs of plant mainly depend on:
A) Fuel cost
B) Maintenance
C) Lubricants
D) All of the above
Ans: D
Q75. The most economical power factor is:
A) Unity
B) 0.9 lag
C) 0.8 lag
D) 0.95 lag
Ans: A
Q76. Depreciation cost is related to:
A) Fuel consumption
B) Life of plant
C) Salaries
D) Lubricants
Ans: B
Q77. The annual load factor of thermal stations is usually:
A) Low
B) Moderate
C) High
D) Zero
Ans: B
Q78. Load curve shows:
A) Variation of load with time
B) Energy consumption
C) Maximum demand
D) None
Ans: A
Q79. The area under the load curve represents:
A) Demand
B) Energy generated
C) Load factor
D) Utilization
Ans: B
Q80. Incremental fuel cost is used for:
A) Load dispatch
B) Tariff
C) Plant location
D) Transmission design
Ans: A
Additional Mixed MCQs
Q81. The installed capacity of a power plant is:
A) Average demand
B) Sum of rated capacities
C) Maximum demand
D) Load factor
Ans: B
Q82. The energy generated divided by maximum energy possible is:
A) Load factor
B) Capacity factor
C) Utilization factor
D) Demand factor
Ans: B
Q83. In India, the frequency of power system is:
A) 50 Hz
B) 60 Hz
C) 40 Hz
D) 55 Hz
Ans: A
Q84. The fuel cost of hydro power plant is:
A) High
B) Zero
C) Low
D) Moderate
Ans: B
Q85. Which has the lowest operating cost?
A) Thermal
B) Nuclear
C) Hydro
D) Diesel
Ans: C
Q86. The installed reserve margin is:
A) 5–10%
B) 10–15%
C) 15–20%
D) 20–30%
Ans: C
Q87. Which plant requires maximum space?
A) Thermal
B) Hydro
C) Diesel
D) Nuclear
Ans: B
Q88. The internal combustion engine used in diesel plant is:
A) 2-stroke
B) 4-stroke
C) Both A and B
D) None
Ans: C
Q89. Which of the following has the longest startup time?
A) Gas turbine
B) Diesel
C) Thermal
D) Nuclear
Ans: D
Q90. The ratio of maximum demand to connected load is:
A) Load factor
B) Demand factor
C) Diversity factor
D) Utilization factor
Ans: B
Q91. Which generating plant has the least efficiency?
A) Thermal
B) Gas turbine
C) Diesel
D) Hydro
Ans: B
Q92. Which factor improves system reliability?
A) Load factor
B) Reserve capacity
C) Utilization factor
D) Demand factor
Ans: B
Q93. Which plant is most reliable for base load?
A) Hydro
B) Nuclear
C) Thermal
D) Diesel
Ans: C
Q94. Load factor of a consumer can be improved by:
A) Increasing maximum demand
B) Increasing average load
C) Decreasing average load
D) None
Ans: B
Q95. Which power station has no standby losses?
A) Hydro
B) Thermal
C) Nuclear
D) Diesel
Ans: A
Q96. Which is the cheapest method of power generation in India?
A) Hydro
B) Thermal
C) Nuclear
D) Diesel
Ans: B
Q97. Which plant is most suitable for meeting sudden load changes?
A) Thermal
B) Hydro
C) Nuclear
D) Diesel
Ans: B
Q98. Which plant is generally located near coal mines?
A) Hydro
B) Thermal
C) Nuclear
D) Diesel
Ans: B
Q99. Which plant is best suited for remote areas?
A) Diesel
B) Hydro
C) Nuclear
D) Thermal
Ans: A
Q100. The plant load factor is maximum for:
A) Thermal
B) Nuclear
C) Hydro
D) Diesel
Ans: B
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